Umahluko phakathi kombane wesigaba esinye, umbane wesigaba esibini, kunye nombane wesigaba esithathu

Umbane wesigaba esinye kunye nombane wesigaba esibini ziindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokubonelela ngombane. Zinomahluko omkhulu kwimo kunye nevolthi yothumelo lombane.

Umbane wesigaba esinye ubhekisa kwimo yothutho lombane oluquka umgca wesigaba kunye nomgca ongu-zero. Umgca wesigaba, okwaziwa ngokuba ngumgca womlilo, ubonelela ngombane wokulayisha, kwaye umgca ongathathi cala usetyenziswa njengendlela yokubuyisela umbane. I-voltage yombane wesigaba esinye yi-220 volts, eyi-voltage phakathi komgca wesigaba ukuya kumgca ongu-zero.

Kwindawo yosapho kunye neofisi, umbane wesigaba esinye lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lombane. Kwelinye icala, umbane wesigaba esibini yisekethe yombane eyenziwe ziimigca ezimbini zesigaba, ezibizwa ngokuba ngumbane wesigaba esibini. Kwimimandla emibini yombane, i-voltage phakathi komgca wesigaba ibizwa ngokuba yi-wire voltage, idla ngokuba yi-380 volts.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-voltage yombane wesigaba esinye yi-voltage ephakathi komgca wesigaba kunye nomgca we-zero, obizwa ngokuba yi-voltage yesigaba. Kwizixhobo zasekhaya nezemizi-mveliso, ezifana noomatshini bokuwelda, zombini umbane wesigaba usetyenziswa kakhulu.

Ngamafutshane, umahluko ophambili phakathi kombane wesigaba esinye kunye nombane wesigaba esibini yindlela kunye nevolthi yokuhambisa amandla ombane. Umbane wesigaba esinye uqulathe umgca wesigaba kunye nomgca ongu-zero, ofanelekileyo kusapho nakwindawo yeofisi enevolthi ye-220 volts. Umbane wesigaba esibini uqulathe imigca yesigaba esibini, efanelekileyo kwizixhobo zasekhaya nezemizi-mveliso ezinevolthi ye-380 volts.

Umbane wesigaba esinye: udla ngokubhekisa kuyo nayiphi na intambo yesigaba (eyaziwa ngokuba yintambo yomlilo) kumandla e-AC angama-380V amanqanaba amathathu kunye nane-line ezine. I-voltage yi-220V. Intambo yesigaba ilinganiswa ngepeni yombane eqhelekileyo ene-voltage ephantsi. Amandla aqhelekileyo ebomini. I-single-phase yiyo nayiphi na imigca yesigaba ezintathu ukuya kumgca we-zero. Idla ngokubizwa ngokuba "ngumgca womlilo" kunye "nomgca we-zero". Ngokubanzi ibhekisa kumandla e-AC angama-220V kunye nama-50Hz. Isayensi yobunjineli bombane yesigaba esinye ikwabizwa ngokuba "yi-voltage yesigaba".
Umbane onamabakala amathathu: Umbane owenziwe nge-frequency efanayo yee-frequencies ezintathu kunye ne-amplitudes ezilinganayo, kunye nesigaba se-AC potential esenziwe ngama-degrees ali-120 e-engile yombane ngokujika sibizwa ngokuba yi-AC power supply yesigaba sesithathu. Yenziwa yi-AC generator yesigaba sesithathu. Amandla e-AC esigaba esinye asetyenziswa kubomi bemihla ngemihla anikezelwa yi-AC power yesigaba sesithathu. Umbane we-AC wesigaba esinye okhutshwa yi-generator yesigaba esinye awusetyenziswa rhoqo.

Iintambo zombane ezi-3 zesigaba esinye zombane ezidityaniswe neetransformer
Umahluko phakathi kwamandla esigaba esinye kunye nombane wesigaba sesithathu kukuba umbane ovela kwijenereyitha unesigaba sesithathu. Isigaba ngasinye sombane wesigaba sesithathu sinokwenza isekethe yesigaba esinye ukubonelela abasebenzisi ngamandla ombane. Kalula nje, kukho imigca yesigaba ezintathu (imigca yomlilo) kunye nomgca we-zero (okanye umgca ophakathi), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa imigca yesigaba ezintathu kuphela. I-voltage phakathi komgca wesigaba kunye nomgca wesigaba yi-380 volt, kwaye i-voltage phakathi kwemigca yesigaba kunye nomgca we-zero yi-220 volts. Kukho umgca omnye womlilo kunye nocingo lwe-zero, kwaye i-voltage phakathi kwazo yi-220 volts. Umbane we-AC wesigaba sesithathu yindibaniselwano yamandla e-AC yesigaba esinye kunye ne-amplitude efanayo, i-frequency efanayo, kunye nomahluko wesigaba se-120 °. Umbane wesigaba esinye yindibaniselwano yalo naluphi na umgca wesigaba kunye nomgca we-zero kumbane wesigaba sesithathu.

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Zithini iingenelo zazo zombini? Amandla e-AC amanqanaba amathathu aneengenelo ezininzi kunamandla e-AC amanqanaba elinye. Acacile ukuba angcono ngokwemveliso yamandla, uthumelo kunye nokusasazwa, kunye nokuguqulwa kwamandla ombane abe ngamandla oomatshini. Umzekelo: iijenereyitha zesigaba sesithathu kunye neetransformer zenziwe kuneejenereyitha zesigaba esinye ezinomthamo ofanayo kunye nezixhobo zokonga izinto, kwaye zilula ngesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo. 50% yobukhulu. Kwimeko yokuthutha amandla afanayo, iingcingo zothumelo zesigaba sesithathu zinokonga i-25% yeentsimbi ezingezizo iintsimbi kuneengcingo zothumelo zesigaba esinye, kwaye ilahleko yamandla ombane ingaphantsi kuneyothumelo lwesigaba esinye.